What type of exercise is high intensity and lasts for a short duration, such as sprinting?

High-intensity exercise that lasts for a short duration, such as sprinting, is classified as anaerobic exercise. This type of exercise is characterized by short bursts of intense activity, where the body's demand for oxygen exceeds the oxygen supply available. During anaerobic exercises, the body relies on energy sources stored in the muscles, such as creatine phosphate and glycogen, rather than on oxygen.

Sprinting is a prime example of anaerobic exercise because it requires maximal effort over a brief period, usually lasting from a few seconds to around two minutes. This kind of exercise develops muscle strength, power, and speed, and is effectively suited for improving performance in activities requiring quick energy bursts.

In contrast, aerobic exercise involves sustained, lower-intensity activities that increase heart rate and require oxygen over longer durations, such as running or swimming at a moderate pace. Isometric exercises involve maintaining a static position without any movement, while resistance training involves working against a force to increase muscle strength. Thus, for activities that demand high intensity coupled with short duration, anaerobic is the fitting classification.