What nutrient is a key component of the diet for maintaining optimal immune function?

Vitamins are essential for maintaining optimal immune function due to their roles in various physiological processes that support the immune system. Certain vitamins, such as vitamin C and vitamin D, are particularly known for their contribution to immune health. Vitamin C is crucial in supporting the production and function of white blood cells, which are vital in defending against infections. Vitamin D has a role in modulating the immune response and may help in reducing the risk of infections. Other vitamins, like vitamins A and E, also support immune health by maintaining the integrity of skin and mucosal barriers as well as providing antioxidant support.

While minerals also play important roles in immune function, such as zinc and selenium, vitamins are specifically noted for their broader impacts and essential functions in various immune pathways. Carbohydrates and proteins, while important for overall health and energy, do not have as direct or specific a relationship to optimal immune function as vitamins do, making vitamins the key nutrient of focus in this context.